Question 1

What is G-10 ?

Accepted Answer

G-10 is a high-pressure fiberglass laminate, a type of composite material. It is created by stacking multiple layers of glass cloth, soaking in epoxy resin, and compressing the resulting material under heat until the epoxy cures. 
G-10 is the toughest of the glass fiber resin laminates and therefore perfect for knives!

Question 2

Should I get a stainless or a high carbon blade?

Accepted Answer

Due to the elevated carbon content, High Carbon steel gets extremely sharp and is very easy to sharpen. However it patinas and rusts. That why carbon steel needs a lot of love and attention. Make sure to wipe it after each use, never store it wet and oil it regularly.
 
Stainless steel does not patina and (unless stored wrong) won't rust. It is a bit more forgiving and easier to take care of but it takes a little longer to sharpen.

Frequently asked questions

What is G-10 ?

Should I get a stainless or a high carbon blade?